Galatians occupies a middle ground between Romans on the one hand and the Thessalonian correspondence on the other. Paul’s signaled quotations, with few exceptions, appear to be texts used by the rival teachers to inculcate Law observance. Paul does not appeal to any scriptural texts from his original teaching at Galatia. The Galatians appear to have learned the Jewish Scriptures from Paul’s rivals and not from Paul himself. In other words, the Galatians are new to the Scriptures. Several of the